posted Nov. 2019

Yatsukarewa, kunitsukami, nawa Ihika to iu
“Kojiki” Nakatsumaki/Nara Period
Meaning
I am the local god and my name is Ihika.
“Kojiki” Nakatsumaki has this legend about Emperor Jinmu while he was in Ihika, Kawakami Village.
Emperor Jinmu is one of the descendants of Amaterasu Ookami. In “Kojiki” he is referred as ‘Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto’. It means a male person in the sacred Iware in Yamato. Iware is said to be the name for Sakurai City and its vicinity.

Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto, along with his older brother Itsuseno Mikoto, headed east from Takachiho in Hyuga looking for a suitable land to rule the nation.They crossed the Seto Inland Sea to Kumano and then to Yoshino, guided by Yaatakarasu, a sacred raven commonly known as Yatagarasu, which Takagino Ookami sent for them.
One by one local gods appeared and promised their loyalty to Emperor Jinmu. Ihika was one of them.

O oitaruhito, iyori idekitari. Sonoini hikari ari. Shikakushite, toishiku, ‘Nanjiwa, tarezo’ to toishini, kotaete moushishiku, ‘Yatsukarewa, kunitsukami, nawa Ihika toiu’ (korewa, yoshinono obitoraga oyazo) to moushiki.
“Kojiki” Nakatsumaki/Nara Period
Meaning
Ihika is described here as ‘o oitaruhito ’, meaning he has a tale. He came out from a well and the well was emitting light.
Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto said to the man, ‘Who are you?’. He replied, ‘I am the local god and my name is Ihika’. Ihika was an ancestor for all heads in the Yoshino region.
After this event, Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto completed his expedition to Yoshino peacefully.
Ihika, appeared out of the bright well and welcomed Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Miko with due allegiance, looked very calm. It was as if he could foresee Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Miko’s success as Emperor Jinmu who managed to win respect from the local gods including himself.

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The readers may wonder where the place is that Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto met Ihika.
“Kojiki” describes that he came out of a ‘well’. The well here is not a modern dug well. It is like a basin where pieces of wood and stones were used to surround a water fountain.

In the Ihika region in Kawakami Village the writer went to find the spot designated as ‘the remain of Ihika’s Well’. Deep into the mountain from the signboard ‘Ihika’s Well’ is written on, the writer found a sunken circle about 50m diameter and 10m depth in its center. An enormous rock stands magnificently in the circle as if it has been standing there for ages.
In this quiet forest, Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto was said to have met Ihika and two stone monuments standing there prove the legend. One reads, ‘Remain of Emperor Jinmu’s Shining Well’ and the other ‘Tomb for Yoshino Head Kanehikani’, both erected in 1900.
As “Kojiki” has it that the well Ihika stepped out of ‘is emitting light’.
The light in the olden times broadly means ‘something sacred’ as in ‘Kaguyahime’ in “Taketori Monogatari” or ‘Hikarunokimi’ in “Genji Monogatari”.
The light in Shinwa, mythology, is also based on the religious belief in Sun God as found in the case of Amaterasu in ‘Amano Iwayado’.

The expression ‘there is light in the well’ supposes that the spot is sacred. There is also an interpretation on the power of light that it ‘revives the solemnity of imperial succession at all times.’ To the writer these point to the suitability of Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto as an emperor.
As for ‘o oitaru hito’, there is another interpretation that he is a hunter or a logger with a fur to protect himself from getting wet or soiled.
Interpreting it modern way and imagining a man with a tale and coming out of a well, he somehow gives a cute image of ‘yuru chara (a mascot)’ and makes us smile.
“Kojiki” introduces other gods that Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto came across.
First, the god he encountered when he arrived the downstream of the River Yoshino guided by Yaatakarasu. The encounter took place before he met Ihika.

Ueo tsukurite uoo toreruhito ari. Shikakushite, Amatsukamimikono toishiku, ‘Nanjiwa tarezo’ to toishini, kotaete moushishiku, ‘Yatsukarewa kunitsukami, nawa Niemotsunoko toiu (korewa adano ukaiga oyazo).
“Kojiki” Nakatsumaki/Nara Period
Meaning
There was a man catching fish with ue, a trap. Amatsukamimiko Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto said to him, “What is your name?” He said, “I am Kunitsukami. My name is Niemotsunoko”. This is the ancestor of Ada’s U-catchers.

Ada is identified in “Manyoshu” as the area in Ada, Gojyo City, Nara Prefecture.
Second, another god with a tale. Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto met him after parting from Ihika.

Konohito, iwaoo oshiwakete idekitari. Shikakushite, toishiku, ‘Nanjiwa tarezo’ to toishini, kotaete moushishiku, ‘Yatsukarewa kunitsukami, nawa Iwaoshiwakunoko toiu. Ima, Amatsukamimiko idemashinuto kikitsuruga yueni, maimukaetarakunomi (korewa yoshinono kunisuga oyazo)’ tomoushiki.
“Kojiki” Nakatsumaki/Nara Period
Meaning
This man came out splitting the rock on his way. Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto said to him, “Who are you?”. He replied, “I am Kunitsukami, named Iwaoshiwakunoko”. I’ve come to welcome you for I heard of your arrival. (This is the ancestor of Yoshino’s tribe Kunisu).
Kunisu is identified as an eastern part of Yoshino in Nara Prefecture.
*Click the marker on the map to display the place name.
In these days, the areas are all located along the rivers Yoshino and Kinokawa. “Kojiki” has it that Kamuyamatoiwarebikono Mikoto was recognized as worthy for an emperor by the local gods.
Currently the towns in these areas are hand in hand with one another under the banner ‘Kinokawa Jirushi’. It is the title for all kinds of activities held to connect industries in Kinokawa’s forests, lands and the sea.
Yaatakarasu is now known in the name ‘Yaatakarasu Cider’ and you can find them at a shop in Hotel Suginoyu or at Roadside Station Suginoyu Kawakami.
* : Yatagarasu © deko/pixta retouched with permission
- Episode 25
Seasonal Calendar of Kawakami – Winter - Episode 24
Seasonal Calendar of Kawakami – Autumn - Episode 23
Seasonal Calendar of Kawakami – Summer - Episode 22
Seasonal Calendar of Kawakami – Spring - Episode 21
SHINKOKINWAKASHU - Episode 20
“Yoshinokuzu” by Jyunichiro Tanizaki - Episode 19
YUMIESHIKI - Episode 18
Kunitsukami Ihika - Episode 17
Banzaiban and Niukawakami - Episode 16
Yoshino’s Sunset Glow - Episode 15
Ryuumon-no-Taki - Episode 14
Yukikurenai-no-Miko - Episode 13
Kawakami Village - Episode 12
At the end of this year - Episode 11
Buddha in Yoshino - Episode 10
The Moon in Yoshino - Episode 9
Akizushima, Yamato - Episode 8
Takinomiyako - Episode 7
Tokutokuno Shimizu - Episode 6
Mountain God in - Episode 5
Basho, in springtime - Episode 4
Hanano Yoshinono - Episode 3
Niu-Kawakami Jinjya - Episode 2
Yume-no Kayoiji - Episode 1
Hamamatsu Chunagon